ATV safety: Keeping ATV operators safe in the field
All-terrain vehicles are often used for fun and recreation, but they’re also a useful addition in many lines of business. They do, however, come with risks that include injury and even death. That’s why following industry and provincial guidelines can help keep drivers safe and avoid unnecessary hazards.
According to Statistics Canada, there are 100 ATV-related deaths on average in Canada each year. Among the fatalities between 2013 to 2019, nearly half (45 per cent) were the result of a rollover; other causes included collisions with a stationary object (16 per cent), ejections (12 per cent), and collisions with a moving vehicle (7 per cent).
In Canada, ATV certification may be required for some forms of employment. Oil and gas, energy and forestry workers might use ATVs for surveillance and maintenance, particularly in remote areas. Police might use them for search-and-rescue operations. But smaller operations also use ATVs: Ranchers might use them for checking on cattle or fence lines, while general contractors might use them for projects in remote areas, such as building a cottage.
While oil and gas or hydro companies might have a formalized process in place — such as requiring ATV operators to take a driver safety course and get certified — smaller operations often don’t. But any ATV operator can benefit from training and certification, regardless of their previous experience.
ATV training
“One of the biggest issues with ATVs is that people get overconfident, particularly if they’re a novice and they decide, ‘Oh, I can climb that hill, I can go through that mud hole,’” says Goruk. After all, some hills are simply too steep for any ATV.
“Our recommendation for any business that has employees operating ATVs is to have them take a certified driver training course,” he says. “You’re not only training the person to ride the machine safely, you as a company owner are doing your due diligence.”
The Canadian ATV Safety Institute (CASI) has joined forces with the ATV Safety Institute (ASI) and the Canadian Off-Highway Vehicle Distributors Council (COHV) to offer the CASI ATV RiderCourse, available in B.C., Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, and P.E.I. In addition, the Canada Safety Council offers ATV rider training operated by CSC-certified instructors.
Most of the provinces also offer safety handbooks, videos, and toolkits that can be referenced, such as Ontario’s Smart Ride Safe Ride and Alberta’s ATV Safety Toolkit.
Helmets and PPE
A helmet is perhaps the most important piece of personal protective equipment (PPE) for ATV operators. At least 33 per cent of riders were not wearing a helmet during ATV-related fatalities between 2013 to 2019, according to Statistics Canada.
There are two main types of helmets: full face (which completely covers the face and chin) and open face (which only covers the head and chin). The ATV Safety Institute recommends that riders wear a DOT- or Snell-approved helmet with a proper safety rating for ATVs. According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, the applicable standards for ATV helmets include DOT FMVSS 218 or Snell M-2005, M-2010, and CMS/CMR 2007.
“If ATVs are being used in a commercial setting, then the company should be providing a helmet to each person,” says Goruk. Preferably, the helmet should have a full face shield, but if a driver is using an open-face helmet they should also be required to wear protective eye wear. Other recommendations include gloves, boots, and long pants.
While PPE is a simple way to help avoid severe injury or even death, many people don’t consistently wear a helmet or only wear one on public roads. That’s why creating policies and procedures around the operation of ATVs — and having employees sign off on those policies and procedures — is so important, says Goruk. “If you’re found not wearing your helmet or acting recklessly, then your privileges will be revoked,” he says.
Also, ATV drivers should always drive sober, since alcohol and drugs impair your ability to drive and make decisions — and could result in impaired driving charges under the Criminal Code of Canada. In at least 51 per cent of ATV-related fatalities from 2013 to 2019, the driver had reportedly consumed alcohol, cannabis or other drugs, according to Statistics Canada.
Single seats vs. two-ups
Some ATV owners bolt a cargo box on the back of a single-seat ATV and use it as a passenger seat — but that’s not a good idea. “They aren’t designed to hold all that weight,” says Goruk. “It changes the centre of gravity so now you have more weight over the back, making it harder for the driver to control.”
On a single-seat ATV, there are no footwells or grab handles for the passenger, so their dangling legs can easily hit an obstacle, such as a tree. “The passenger has nothing to hold onto, so if they start to fall, they might grab the driver and the driver could lose control or get pulled off with the passenger,” says Goruk.
In some situations, it may be necessary to send out more than one ATV operator for a job. For example, if work is required in a remote area without cellular coverage during winter weather, it’s safer to have a buddy-system in place. But riders should either have their own single-seat ATV or use a two-up ATV designed to carry the weight of two people. A two-up ATV has a longer wheel base and stronger rear suspension, as well as dedicated footwells and grab handles for the passenger — which helps to keep both the driver and passenger safe.
Due diligence
If you’re using an ATV on roadways and public lands, the ATV must be registered with a rear licence plate and insured under a motor vehicle liability policy. “Make sure you’re insured against liability especially if you’re letting someone else drive it,” says Goruk. “And carry a copy of your ownership and registration, as well as a copy of your insurance — preferably in a waterproof pouch.”
Even if someone else is operating the ATV, the owner is still liable for injury or damage — and could be charged under a municipal bylaw or other legislation.
“You should also check the machine before you ride it — check for oil leaks, if tires are inflated properly, if the brakes are working,” says Goruk. Stick to designated trails wherever possible, and always let someone know where you’re going and how long you think you’ll be gone.
While there are risks to operating ATVs, many of those are preventable by following safety rules, wearing PPE, and avoiding reckless driving. The key is to have formal policies and procedures in place that keep drivers accountable — and help keep everyone safe.
Pre-Ride Inspection for ATV Riders: The T-CLOC Checklist
Before you rev up your ATV and hit the trails, a pre-ride inspection is crucial to ensure your vehicle is in safe working condition. A thorough check of your ATV can help prevent unexpected breakdowns or accidents while riding. A great way to remember what to check is by using the acronym T-CLOC, which covers Tires, Controls, Lights, Oil, Chain, and Chassis. Here’s a breakdown of each component and the steps to inspect:
T – Tires and Wheels
Your tires are one of the most essential safety components of your ATV. Proper tire maintenance ensures good traction and stability, especially when navigating rough terrain.
- Air Pressure: Always maintain the recommended tire pressure. If one side has higher pressure, the vehicle may pull to one side, affecting your control.
- Condition: Inspect the tires for any cuts, gouges, or punctures that could lead to air leakage.
- Tightness: Ensure the axle and wheel nuts are securely tightened and that cotter pins are in place. Loose nuts can cause loss of control or even a wheel detachment, so check these before every ride.
C – Controls and Cables
Your control is vital for safe operation. Ensuring they function correctly can make all the difference when you’re on the trail.
- Control Location: Sit on your ATV and familiarize yourself with the location of all controls. Test their functionality to ensure they’re easy to reach and operate smoothly.
- Throttle and Cables: The throttle should move smoothly and snap closed when the handlebars are in any position. ATV riding can be harsh on cables, so check for smoothness and responsiveness.
- Brakes: Test both front and rear brake controls. Do they operate smoothly? Are they adjusted according to the owner’s manual? Proper brake function is essential for your safety.
- Foot Shifter: Ensure the foot shifter is securely attached and positioned for safe, easy operation.
L – Lights and Electrics
Visibility is key, especially if you plan to ride into the evening. Checking your ATV’s lights and electrical systems ensures you can see—and be seen—while on the trails.
- Ignition Switch: If your ATV has an ignition switch, check its condition by turning it on and off during your warm-up period to make sure it works properly.
- Engine Stop Switch: Test the engine stop switch to confirm that it cuts off the engine when needed.
- Headlights and Taillights: Check that both headlights and taillights (if equipped) work, particularly if you plan to ride after dark. Visibility is crucial to avoid accidents.
O – Oil and Fuel
Running out of fuel or oil can leave you stranded in the middle of nowhere, so checking these elements before every ride is essential.
- Oil and Fuel Levels: Always start with a full fuel tank and check the oil level using a dipstick or sight glass while the engine is off. Refer to your owner’s manual for the specific procedure.
- Leaks: Look for fuel or oil leaks. Even minor leaks can cause serious issues or safety hazards while riding.
- Air Filter: Remove the air filter cover and inspect the filter. To maintain proper engine performance, ensure it’s clean, not torn, and blockage-free.
C – Chain and Drive Shaft Chassis
The chain and chassis are the backbone of your ATATV’srivetrain. Regularly inspecting these parts helps prevent unexpected mechanical failures.
- Chain: Inspect, adjust, and lubricate the chain as needed. Check for Slack or free play and ensure it meets the specifications outlined in your owner’s manual. A well-maintained chain ensures smooth power transfer from the engine to the wheels.
- Drive Shaft: If your ATV uses a drive shaft instead of a chain, check for oil leaks and make sure the oil supply is topped up according to the manufacturer’s guidelines.
- Nuts and Bolts: Riding through rough terrain can loosen various parts of your ATV. Before each ride, physically check the handlebars, footrests, and other components to ensure everything is secure. Tighten any loose fasteners you come across.
Tool Kit: Be Prepared for the Unexpected
While you hope for the best, preparing for the worst is always wise. When riding off-road, roadside assistance is unlikely to be readily available, so carrying a basic tool kit can be a lifesaver if something goes wrong.
Essential items to include in your ATV tool kit are:
- Spark plug
- Tire repair kit
- Electrical tape
- Spare bulbs
- Mechanic wire
- Duct tape
- Knife
- Flashlight (if riding after dark)
- Tow strap or rope (in case you can’t do the repairs on the trail)
These tools ensure that minor issues can be addressed without waiting for help or risking unsafe riding conditions.
While performing regular maintenance and following the procedures outlined in your owner’s manual, which will minimize breakdowns, carrying extra tools and supplies is a wise precaution for extended rides. Especially if you live in remote areas, a little preparation could save you from a long walk home. And remember, don’t wear your comfy sneakers—be ready for the challenges of off-road adventures!
Making T-CLOC part of your pre-ride routine ensures a smoother, safer ride every time you head out. Remember these checks before each adventure, and enjoy your ride with peace of mind, knowing your ATV is in top condition!
Warm-Up Stretches for ATV Riders: Prepare Your Body for the Ride Ahead
Riding an ATV isn’t just about gripping the handlebars and revving the engine—it’s also about using your whole body to maintain control and balance. The dynamic movements involved in ATV riding can stress your muscles, so warming up before you hit the trails is essential for preventing strain and injury.
Incorporating a series of simple stretches and exercises into your pre-ride routine will help loosen up your muscles and improve flexibility, allowing you to ride more comfortably and safely. Here’s a basic warm-up routine to get you prepared for your ATV adventure:
1. Clear Out Your Pockets
Before you start stretching, make sure you remove any large or sharp objects from your pockets. These can get in the way of your movement and potentially cause injury during stretches.
2. Neck Stretch
ATV riding involves keeping your head steady and looking around as you navigate the terrain. Start by gently tilting your head forward, then side to side. Avoid tilting your head back, as this can strain your neck. Focus on slow, controlled movements and never overexert yourself.
- How to do it: Tilt your head forward, then slowly tilt your head to the left and right. Do not strain or force any of these motions.
3. Arm Circles
Your arms are constantly engaged while riding, whether holding the throttle or steering. Doing arm circles helps activate your shoulder muscles and improves your range of motion.
- How to do it: Hold your arms straight out to your sides. Rotate your arms counterclockwise in small 12-inch circles five times, then switch directions and do the same clockwise.
4. Waist Bends
ATV riding can put a lot of pressure on your lower back and core, so stretching your waist and spine can be especially beneficial. Waist bends help to loosen up your torso and prepare it for the twisting movements you may make while riding.
- How to do it: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Slowly bend forward at the waist, then bend backward and side to side. Repeat each motion five times.
5. Leg Stretches
You’ll use your legs for stability and control throughout your ride, so make sure they’re properly stretched. The best way to do this is by stretching one leg at a time.
- How to do it: Place one foot on the footrest or tire of your ATV and lean forward to stretch the leg. Hold for a few seconds and repeat five times on each leg.
6. Slight Knee Bends
Knee stability is key when riding an ATV, as you’ll often be shifting your weight and using your legs for balance. This simple exercise warms up your knee joints and helps with flexibility.
- How to do it: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and your hands on your waist. Bend your knees slightly, then stand back up. Repeat this movement at least five times.
7. Thigh Stretches
Your thighs are essential in controlling the ATV, especially when navigating rough terrain. Stretching your thighs will reduce tightness and improve your range of motion.
- How to do it: Stand with your legs wider than shoulder-width apart. Lean your body to the left and right, stretching your thighs in each direction. Perform five stretches on each side.
Important Notes:
- Don’t Overdo It. These exercises are meant to be gentle warm-ups. If you feel discomfort or strain at any point, stop and rest.
- Consult Your Physician: If you have any concerns about your fitness level or whether you’re physically prepared for ATV riding, it’s always a good idea to check with your doctor.
- Listen to Your Body: Be mindful of your movement if you have sore muscles or joints. Take extra precautions during your ride and rest if needed.
By warming up your body before hitting the trails, you’ll set yourself up for a more enjoyable and safer ride. Happy riding, and always remember to ride responsibly!
Planning for ATV Adventures: Safety, Survival, and Smart Preparation
ATV riding is an exciting and thrilling way to explore the outdoors but comes with risks. By planning, practicing safe riding habits, and staying prepared for emergencies, you can minimize potential dangers and ensure a smoother, safer experience. Here’s how you can set yourself up for success before you hit the trail—and what to do if things don’t go as planned.
1. Plan Your Ride
Good planning is the foundation of any safe ATV adventure. You can avoid most common emergencies by following the recommended maintenance schedule for your ATV, riding in groups, and staying aware of your surroundings.
- Maintenance Schedule: It is crucial to keep your ATV in top shape. Follow the manufacturer’s recommended maintenance schedule to reduce the risk of mechanical failure.
- Ride in Groups: There’s strength in numbers. Riding with others can provide support in case of a breakdown or emergency. Plus, having someone with you is always safer if you’re venturing into remote or unfamiliar areas.
- Safe Riding Habits include: following traffic laws, riding on trails suited to your skill level, and always wearing proper protective gear. These habits will help you avoid accidents and make your ride more enjoyable.
However, extra preparation is needed if you plan to ride in more remote areas where a breakdown could turn into a survival situation.
2. Prepare for Emergencies
If you’re heading out to areas where help may not be easily accessible, preparing for the unexpected is essential. Knowing basic survival techniques and carrying the right gear can make all the difference.
- Learn Survival Techniques: Many provinces offer survival courses or resources through local outdoor recreation agencies. Gather survival information specific to the area you plan to ride in. Knowing how to deal with emergencies like getting lost or stranded can help you remain calm and increase your chances of survival.
3. What to Do Before You Leave
Before you set off on your ride, there are a few steps to take that will help ensure you’re ready for anything:
- Emergency Supplies: Pack a well-stocked survival kit, including tools, a first aid kit, and other necessary items for your ride. This could include extra food, water, clothing, or other gear.
- Inform Someone: Always let a friend or family member know your planned route and expected return time. They’ll know where to look or whom to contact if something goes wrong.
Taking these precautions will prepare you for potential problems before leaving home.
4. Stranded? Stay Calm and Think Clearly
Staying calm is essential if you find yourself stranded and help is too far away to walk. Panic will only make the situation worse. Here’s what to do:
- Use Good Judgment: In any emergency, remain calm and think logically. Your ability to stay clear-headed is crucial.
- Starting a Fire: If you need warmth, find a protected area away from your ATV and any overhanging branches. Begin using small dry sticks and branches, gradually adding larmore significances of wood as necessary. Always extinguish the fire completely before leaving—one hot ember can set the area on fire.
- Gather Wood Before Dark: If you’re planning to spend the night, gather enough wood during daylight hours so you have fuel for the fire once it gets dark.
- Treat Injuries First: If you’re injured, address your wounds before resolving any other issues once injuries are tended to, sit down and carefully assess your options.
- Don’t Travel at Night: Avoid walking in unfamiliar areas after dark. Conserving your energy helps you stay warm and reduces your chances of further injury.
5. Survival Kit: Your Lifeline in the Wild
A well-prepared survival kit is a must-have for any ATV ride, especially if you’re venturing into the wilderness. Whether with a group or riding solo, ensure your kit is packed and ready. Here’s what your kit should include:
- Water and Food: Carry emergency rations and water for at least 24 hours. Also, carry high-energy, non-perishable foods like granola bars, dried fruit, or trail mix.
- First Aid Kit: A basic kit with bandages, antiseptic, pain relievers, and other medical essentials can be a lifesaver for minor injuries.
- Tools: In addition to your ATV’s tool kit, bring a multi-tool, duct tape, mechanic’s wire, and a flashlight. These items can be used for both minor repairs and survival purposes.
- Fire Starting Kit: Waterproof matches, a fire starter, or a small camp stove are key for warming up or signalling for help.
- Warm Clothing: Depending on the climate, pack extra layers, including gloves, hats, and waterproof gear.
- Space Blanket: A compact emergency blanket can help retain body heat in cold conditions.
Your survival kit should be tailored to the specific conditions of the area you’re riding in. Keep it compact, waterproof, and easily accessible so it’s ready if you need it.
Final Thoughts: Safety is Key
While off-roading on an ATV is about adventure and fun, it’s also about being prepared for the unexpected. Planning goes a long way in ensuring your ride remains enjoyable and safe. By following the pre-ride preparation tips outlined above and carrying the right gear, you’ll be ready to handle any situation that comes your way.
Remember: safety first, and enjoy the ride!
The Importance of Planning for a Safe ATV Ride: Key Questions to Ask Before You Go
Planning is essential for any successful ATV adventure. It enhances the experience and ensures the safety of everyone involved. Lack of preparation can lead to distractions, lost focus, and potentially dangerous situations. Riding isn’t just about enjoying the thrill—it’s about being ready for anything that comes your way and being proactive about safety.
Properly planning your ride sets you up for a safe and enjoyable experience. Below are key questions to ask before heading out and helpful insights to ensure you’re fully prepared for the adventure.
- Terrain and Skill Level: Know Your Route
One of the first things to consider is the terrain. Knowing what to expect will help you decide if the ride is within your skill level and if you’re adequately prepared for the journey.
- What is the terrain like? Is it hilly, rocky, wooded, or a combination? Assessing the terrain will help you choose the right gear and riding technique.
- Is the terrain within your skill level? Make sure the difficulty of the terrain matches your riding abilities. Pushing your limits on unfamiliar or challenging ground can lead to accidents.
- Are there any destination points along the way? Do you plan to visit a scenic viewpoint, a beach, or other landmarks? If you plan to stop and enjoy the scenery, you can pack extra items like a camera, sunscreen, or even a bathing suit.
- Are there amenities along the way? If your route does not have gas stations or food stops, ensure you carry enough gasoline, snacks, water, and other necessities. A little extra planning can prevent you from getting stranded.
- ATV/ROV Check: T-CLOC Your Vehicle
Your vehicle is your lifeline on the ride, so ensuring it’s in top condition is critical. A quick pre-ride inspection is essential to avoid mechanical issues down the trail. This is where the acronym T-CLOC comes in handy.
- T – Tires and Wheels: Are they properly inflated? Check for any signs of wear or damage.
- C – Controls and Cables: Test the throttle, brakes, and other controls to ensure they work smoothly.
- L – Lights and Electrics: Make sure your lights, signals, and other electrical components function, especially if you might be riding at dusk.
- O – Oil and Fuel: Check oil levels and make sure your fuel tank is full. Don’t forget to inspect for any fuel leaks.
- C – Chain/Driveshaft and Chassis: Inspect the chain or driveshaft for wear and check the chassis for loose parts.
For a detailed guide on T-CLOC, follow this link: T-CLOC Full Vehicle Inspection Checklist.
- Preparing for Weather and Emergencies
Weather conditions can change quickly, especially when you’re out in the open or deep. Preparing for all potential weather scenarios ensures you stay safe and comfortable throughout the ride.
- What is the weather forecast? Be sure to check the forecast before heading out and anticipate sudden weather changes. Bring appropriate clothing for varying conditions, like rain gear or a jacket, in case temperatures drop.
- What items should you bring for the ride? Pack sunscreen, bug repellant, a hat, and gloves to protect yourself from the elements. Even if you don’t expect rain, bringing a lightweight rain jacket is always wise, as the weather can turn unexpectedly.
- What emergency supplies should you have? At a minimum, carry a first aid kit, cell phone, tools, spare fluids, bungee cords, and a flashlight. These items can help you handle unexpected situations on the trail, from minor injuries to vehicle breakdowns.
- Fuel and Supplies: Don’t Get Stranded
Long rides can leave you far from the nearest gas station or store, so planning your fuel and supply needs is essential.
- How much fuel do you need for the ride? Know your ATV’s fuel range and make sure you have enough gas to cover the distance. It’s better to bring extra fuel than risk running out.
- Do you have food and water for the ride? Depending on the length of your trip, you may need snacks, lunch, or hydration. Pack enough food and water to sustain you, especially if no amenities are along the route.
- Is your ATV adequately maintained? As described earlier with T-CLOC, ensure you’ve checked your vehicle so you’re not caught off guard by a mechanical failure.
- Communicating Your Plans
Letting others know where you’re going and when you expect to return is crucial for safety. Someone will know where to search for you if something goes wrong and you can’t return on time.
- Who needs to know where you’re going? Always share your route, estimated arrival time, and any important details with a friend, family member, or colleague. This is your safety net if something goes wrong.
- Will there be check-in points? Plan some points along your route where you can check in. Natural stops like a lookout point or a junction where you can let someone know your status. Long remote terrain stretches should have built-in safety measures, such as a reliable communication plan or GPS tracking.
- Key Questions to Ask Yourself Before You Go
When planning your ride, take a moment to ask yourself some critical questions. Use these to guide your preparation:
- What information about your route is vital to know before setting out?
- Is the terrain challenging or easy?
- Do you need a permit to ride here?
- How long is the route, and what’s the typical ride time?
- Are there amenities along the way? Will you need extra fuel or food?
- Questions about your ATV/ROV inspection:
- What is T-CLOC? Have you checked all parts of your vehicle before you start?
- Which fluids should you check before riding? Is everything at optimal levels?
- What spare items should you bring along, like tools or extra parts?
- When was the last time you checked your machine for any maintenance issues?
- Planning for what you need to take with you:
- What’s the weather forecast, and how might it affect your ride?
- What emergency supplies should you carry (first aid kit, phone, tools)?
- What are the available amenities along the route, and how does that influence what you pack?
- Planning your ride and letting others know:
- Who needs to know where you’re going and when to expect you back?
- Are there checkpoints on your route for checking in, especially during long or demanding stretches?
In Conclusion: Ride Smart, Ride Safe
Effective planning is key to a safe and enjoyable ATV ride. By asking the right questions, preparing for all eventualities, and ensuring your vehicle is in prime condition, you can mitigate risks and focus on having fun. Always be mindful of the terrain, weather conditions, and the safety of those around you. Proper preparation ensures your ride goes smoothly, and you can enjoy the adventure.
Ride smart, be safe, and have fun on your ATV adventures!